Burns
Volume 31, Issue 7 , Pages 831-837 , November 2005

Intranasal fentanyl is an equivalent analgesic to oral morphine in paediatric burns patients for dressing changes: A randomised double blind crossover study

References 

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  2. Younge PA, Nichol MF, Kendall JM, et al. A prospective randomised pilot comparison of intranasal fentanyl and intramuscular morphine for analgesia in children presenting to the emergency department with clinical fractures. Emerg Med. 1999;11:90–94
  3. Wilson JA, Kendall JM, Cornelius P. Intranasal diamorphine for paediatric analgesia: assessment of safety and efficacy. J Accid Emerg Med. 1997;14:70–72
  4. Kendall JM, Reeves BC, Latter VS. Multicentre randomised controlled trial of nasal diamorphine for analgesia in children and teenagers with clinical fractures. BMJ. 2001;322:261–265
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  7. Schutzman SA, Burg J, Liebelt E, et al. Oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate for premedication of children undergoing laceration repair. Ann Emerg Med. 1994;24:1059–1064
  8. Sharar SR, Bratton SL, Carrougher GJ, et al. A comparison of oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate and oral hydromorphone for inpatient paediatric burn wound care analgesia. J Burn Care Rehab. 1998;19:16–21
  9. O’Neill G, Paech M, Wood F. Preliminary clinical use of a patient-controlled intranasal analgesia device. Anaesth Intensive Care. 1997;25:408–412
  10. Finn J, Wright J, Fong J, et al. A randomised crossover trial of patient controlled intranasal fentanyl and oral morphine for procedural wound care in adults patients with burns. Burns. 2004;30:262–268
  11. Lim S, Paech M, Sutherland V, et al. Pharmokinetics of nasal fentanyl. J Pharm Pract Res. 2003;33:59–63
  12. Robertson J. Pediatric pain assessment: validation of a multidimensional tool. Pediatr Nurs. 1993;19:209–213
  13. Gill M, Green SM, Krauss B. A study of the bispectral index monitor during procedural sedation and analgesia in the emergency department. Ann Emerg Med. 2003;41:234–241
  14. International Conference on Harmonisation. E9: Guidance on statistical principles for clinical trials. Federal Register 63(179), 16 September 1998.
  15. Powell CV, Kelly AM, Williams A. Determining the minimum clinically significant difference in visual analog pain score for children. Ann Emerg Med. 2001;37:28–31
  16. Senn S. Cross-over trials in clinical research. 2nd ed.. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons; 2002;
  17. Robert R, Brack A, Blakeney P, Villareal , et al. A double blind study of the analgesic efficacy of oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate and oral morphine in pediatric patients undergoing burn dressing change and tubbing. J Burn Care Rehab. 2003;24:351–355

PII: S0305-4179(05)00144-0

doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2005.05.001

Burns
Volume 31, Issue 7 , Pages 831-837 , November 2005

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