Low HLA-DR expression on CD14⁺ monocytes of burn victims with sepsis, and the effect of carbachol in vitro

References 

1. Yang HM, Guo ZR, Sheng ZY, Zhu ZM. Analysis of the relationship between delayed resuscitation after burn and the major complication. Chin J Plast Surg Burns. 1994;10:164–165
2. Hu S, Cao WH, Sun D, Lu Y, Bai YM, Sheng ZY. Enteral administration of carbachol on systemic inflammatory response and multiple organ dysfunction induced by partial ischemia/reperfusion injury to the gut. Chin Crit Care Med. 2005;17:49–52
3. Yao YM, Chai JK, Lin HY. Modern theory and practice of sepsis. 1st ed.. Beijing: Science Press; 2005;p. 402–43
4. Volk HD, Reinke P, Krausch D, Zuckermann H, Asadullah K, Müller JM, et al. Monocyte deactivation: rationale for a new therapeutic strategy in sepsis. Intensive Care Med. 1996;24:S474–S481
5. Le Tulzo Y, Pangault C, Amiot L, Guilloux V, Tribut O, Arvieux C, et al. Monocyte human leukocyte antigen-DR transcriptional downregulation by cortisol during septic shock. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2004;169:1144–1151
   • MEDLINE
   • CrossRef
6. Beutler BA, Milsark IW, Cframi A. Cachectin/tumor necrosis factor: production, distribution, and metabolic fate in vivo. J Immunol. 1985;135:3972–3977
   • MEDLINE
7. Melhus O, Koerner TJ, Adams DO. Effects of TNF alpha on the expression of class II MHC molecules in macrophages induced by IFN gamma: evidence for suppression at the level of transcription. J Leukoc Biol. 1991;49:21–28
   • MEDLINE
8. de Waal Malefyt R, Abrams J, Bennett B, Figdor CG, de Vries JE. Interleukin 10 (IL-10) inhibits synthesis by human monocytes: an autoregulatory role of IL-10 produced by monocytes. J Exp Med. 1991;174:1209–1220
   • MEDLINE
   • CrossRef
9. Borovikova LV, Ivanova S, Zhang M, Yang H, Botchkina GI, Watkins LR, et al. Vagus nerve stimulation attenuates the systemic inflammatory response to endotoxin. Nature. 2000;405:458–462
   • MEDLINE
   • CrossRef